| IED ID | IndEnz0002002019 |
| Enzyme Type ID | protease002019 |
| Protein Name |
Hemagglutinin Cleaved into: Hemagglutinin HA1 chain; Hemagglutinin HA2 chain |
| Gene Name | HA |
| Organism | Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Czechoslovakia/1956 H4N6) |
| Taxonomic Lineage | Viruses Riboviria Orthornavirae Negarnaviricota Polyploviricotina Insthoviricetes Articulavirales Orthomyxoviridae Alphainfluenzavirus Influenza A virus H4N6 subtype Influenza A virus (strain A/Duck/Czechoslovakia/1956 H4N6) |
| Enzyme Sequence | MLSIVILFLLIAENSSQNYTGNPVICMGHHAVANGTMVKTLADDQVEVVTAQELVESQNLPELCPSPLRLVDGQTCDIINGALGSPGCDHLNGAEWDVFIERPNAVDTCYPFDVPEYQSLRSILANNGKFEFIAEEFQWNTVKQNGKSGACKRANVDDFFNRLNWLVKSDGNAYPLQNLTKINNGDYARLYIWGVHHPSTSTEQTNLYKNNPGRVTVSTKTSQTSVVPDIGSRPLVRGQSGRVSFYWTIVEPGDLIVFNTIGNLIAPRGHYKLNNQKKSTILNTAIPIGSCVSKCHTDKGSLSTTKPFQNISRIAVGDCPRYVKQGSLKLATGMRNIPEKASRGLFGAIAGFIENGWQGLIDGWYGFRHQNAEGTGTAADLKSTQAAIDQINGKLNRLIEKTNDKYHQIEKEFEQVEGRIQDLENYVEDTKIDLWSYNAELLVALENQHTIDVTDSEMNKLFERVRRQLRENAEDKGNGCFEIFHKCDNNCIESIRNGTYDHDIYRDEAINNRFQIQGVKLTQGYKDIILWISFSISCFLLVALLLAFILWACQNGNIRCQICI |
| Enzyme Length | 564 |
| Uniprot Accession Number | P19696 |
| Absorption | |
| Active Site | |
| Activity Regulation | |
| Binding Site | |
| Calcium Binding | |
| catalytic Activity | |
| DNA Binding | |
| EC Number | |
| Enzyme Function | FUNCTION: Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization of about two third of the virus particles through clathrin-dependent endocytosis and about one third through a clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore.; FUNCTION: Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization either through clathrin-dependent endocytosis or through clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072}. |
| Temperature Dependency | |
| PH Dependency | |
| Pathway | |
| nucleotide Binding | |
| Features | Beta strand (33); Chain (3); Disulfide bond (6); Glycosylation (6); Helix (11); Lipidation (3); Sequence conflict (11); Signal peptide (1); Site (1); Topological domain (2); Transmembrane (1) |
| Keywords | 3D-structure;Clathrin- and caveolin-independent endocytosis of virus by host;Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host;Disulfide bond;Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane;Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane;Glycoprotein;Hemagglutinin;Host cell membrane;Host membrane;Host-virus interaction;Lipoprotein;Membrane;Palmitate;Signal;Transmembrane;Transmembrane helix;Viral attachment to host cell;Viral envelope protein;Viral penetration into host cytoplasm;Virion;Virus endocytosis by host;Virus entry into host cell |
| Interact With | |
| Induction | |
| Subcellular Location | SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072}. Host apical cell membrane {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072}. Note=Targeted to the apical plasma membrane in epithelial polarized cells through a signal present in the transmembrane domain. Associated with glycosphingolipid- and cholesterol-enriched detergent-resistant lipid rafts. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072}. |
| Modified Residue | |
| Post Translational Modification | PTM: Palmitoylated. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072}.; PTM: In natural infection, inactive HA is matured into HA1 and HA2 outside the cell by one or more trypsin-like, arginine-specific endoprotease secreted by the bronchial epithelial cells. One identified protease that may be involved in this process is secreted in lungs by Clara cells. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072}. |
| Signal Peptide | SIGNAL 1..16; /evidence=ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04072 |
| Structure 3D | X-ray crystallography (3) |
| Cross Reference PDB | 5XL8; 5XL9; 5XLA; |
| Mapped Pubmed ID | 28768203; |
| Motif | |
| Gene Encoded By | |
| Mass | 63,160 |
| Kinetics | |
| Metal Binding | |
| Rhea ID | |
| Cross Reference Brenda |