| IED ID | IndEnz0002006049 |
| Enzyme Type ID | protease006049 |
| Protein Name |
Gamma-terpinene synthase, chloroplastic EC 4.2.3.114 Alpha-terpinene synthase EC 4.2.3.115 Terpene synthase 2 OvTPS2 |
| Gene Name | TPS2 |
| Organism | Origanum vulgare (Wild marjoram) |
| Taxonomic Lineage | cellular organisms Eukaryota Viridiplantae Streptophyta Streptophytina Embryophyta Tracheophyta Euphyllophyta Spermatophyta Magnoliopsida Mesangiospermae eudicotyledons Gunneridae Pentapetalae asterids lamiids Lamiales Lamiaceae Nepetoideae Mentheae Origanum (marjorams) Origanum vulgare (Wild marjoram) |
| Enzyme Sequence | MATLSMQVSILSKEVKNVNNIGMRASKPMVARRVSTTRLRPICSASLQVEEETRRSGNYQASIWNNDYVQSFNTNQYKDEKHLKKKEELIAQVKILLNTKMEAVKQLELIEDLRNLGLTYYFQDEVKKILTSIYNDHKCFKNEQVGDLYFTSLGFRLLRLHGFDVSEEVFDFFKNEDGSDFKASLGENIKDVLQLYEASFLIREGEVILEQARVFSTKHLEKKVDEGINDEKLLAWIRHSLALPLHWRIQRLEARWFLDAYRARKDMIPLIFELGKIDFHIIQETQLEELQEVSKWWTNSNLAEKLPFVRDRIVECYFWALGLFEPHEYGYQRKMAAIIITFVTIIDDVYDVYGTLDELQLFTDAIRKWDFQSISTLPYYMQVCYLALYTYASELAYDILKDQGFNSIAYLQRSWLSLVEGFFQEAKWYYAGYTPTLAEYLENAKVSISSPTIISQVYFTLPNSTERTVVENVFGYHNILYLSGMILRLADDLGTTQFELKRGDVQKAIQCYMKDNNATEKEGAEHVKYLLREAWKEMNTAMADPECPLSEDLVDAAANLGRASQFIYLEGDGHGVQHSEIHNQMGGLIFEPYV |
| Enzyme Length | 594 |
| Uniprot Accession Number | E2E2P0 |
| Absorption | |
| Active Site | |
| Activity Regulation | |
| Binding Site | |
| Calcium Binding | |
| catalytic Activity | CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(2E)-geranyl diphosphate = diphosphate + gamma-terpinene; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:32559, ChEBI:CHEBI:10577, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:58057; EC=4.2.3.114; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:32560; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(2E)-geranyl diphosphate = alpha-terpinene + diphosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:32563, ChEBI:CHEBI:10334, ChEBI:CHEBI:33019, ChEBI:CHEBI:58057; EC=4.2.3.115; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:32564; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}; |
| DNA Binding | |
| EC Number | 4.2.3.114; 4.2.3.115 |
| Enzyme Function | FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic monoterpenes natural products thymol and carvacrol which have a broad range of biological activities acting as antimicrobial compounds, insecticides, antioxidants and pharmaceutical agents (PubMed:20419468, Ref.2, PubMed:30231481, PubMed:26156773). Monoterpene synthase which catalyzes the conversion of geranyl diphosphate (GPP) to gamma-terpinene and the minor products alpha-thujene, alpha-terpinene, myrcene, sabinene, (+)-R-limonene, alpha-pinene and alpha-phellandrene (PubMed:20419468, Ref.2). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26156773, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30231481, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}. |
| Temperature Dependency | BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Temperature dependence: Optimum temperature is 28 degrees Celsius. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}; |
| PH Dependency | BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: pH dependence: Optimum pH is 6.8. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}; |
| Pathway | PATHWAY: Secondary metabolite biosynthesis; terpenoid biosynthesis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}. |
| nucleotide Binding | |
| Features | Chain (1); Metal binding (6); Motif (1); Natural variant (6); Region (2); Transit peptide (1) |
| Keywords | Chloroplast;Lyase;Magnesium;Manganese;Metal-binding;Plastid;Transit peptide |
| Interact With | |
| Induction | INDUCTION: Induced by drought (PubMed:27915173). Accumulates upon root colonization by Myrmica ants (Myrmica sabuleti and Myrmica scabrinodis) concomitantly with jasmonates induction; this leads to the production of carvacrol, an attractant for the phytophagous-predaceous butterfly Maculinea arion, whose larvae initially feed on Origanum vulgare flowerheads before switching to parasitize Myrmica ant colonies for their main period of growth (PubMed:26156773). Slightly induced by Spodoptera littoralis, an herbivory insect, thus triggering the production of carvacrol, which exhibits insecticide properties (PubMed:30231481). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26156773, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27915173, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30231481}. |
| Subcellular Location | SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast {ECO:0000305}. |
| Modified Residue | |
| Post Translational Modification | |
| Signal Peptide | |
| Structure 3D | |
| Cross Reference PDB | - |
| Mapped Pubmed ID | - |
| Motif | MOTIF 347..351; /note=DDXXD motif; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9X839 |
| Gene Encoded By | |
| Mass | 69,063 |
| Kinetics | BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=8.71 uM for geranyl diphosphate (in the presence of 0.5 mM manganese) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}; KM=0.70 mM for manganese (in the presence of 10 uM geranyl diphosphate) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}; KM=3.41 mM for magnesium (in the presence of 10 uM geranyl diphosphate) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}; Vmax=6.18 umol/min/g enzyme with geranyl diphosphate as substrate {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20419468, ECO:0000269|Ref.2}; |
| Metal Binding | METAL 347; /note=Manganese 1; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A1C9J6A7; METAL 347; /note=Manganese 2; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A1C9J6A7; METAL 351; /note=Manganese 1; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A1C9J6A7; METAL 351; /note=Manganese 2; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A1C9J6A7; METAL 491; /note=Manganese 3; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A1C9J6A7; METAL 499; /note=Manganese 3; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A0A1C9J6A7 |
| Rhea ID | RHEA:32559; RHEA:32560; RHEA:32563; RHEA:32564 |
| Cross Reference Brenda | 4.2.3.114; |