| IED ID | IndEnz0002008414 |
| Enzyme Type ID | protease008414 |
| Protein Name |
Syncytin-1 Endogenous retrovirus group W member 1 Env-W Envelope polyprotein gPr73 Enverin HERV-7q Envelope protein HERV-W envelope protein HERV-W_7q21.2 provirus ancestral Env polyprotein Syncytin Cleaved into: Surface protein SU gp50 ; Transmembrane protein TM gp24 |
| Gene Name | ERVW-1 ERVWE1 |
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) |
| Taxonomic Lineage | cellular organisms Eukaryota Opisthokonta Metazoa Eumetazoa Bilateria Deuterostomia Chordata Craniata Vertebrata Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates) Teleostomi Euteleostomi Sarcopterygii Dipnotetrapodomorpha Tetrapoda Amniota Mammalia Theria Eutheria Boreoeutheria Euarchontoglires Primates Haplorrhini Simiiformes Catarrhini Hominoidea (apes) Hominidae (great apes) Homininae Homo Homo sapiens (Human) |
| Enzyme Sequence | MALPYHIFLFTVLLPSFTLTAPPPCRCMTSSSPYQEFLWRMQRPGNIDAPSYRSLSKGTPTFTAHTHMPRNCYHSATLCMHANTHYWTGKMINPSCPGGLGVTVCWTYFTQTGMSDGGGVQDQAREKHVKEVISQLTRVHGTSSPYKGLDLSKLHETLRTHTRLVSLFNTTLTGLHEVSAQNPTNCWICLPLNFRPYVSIPVPEQWNNFSTEINTTSVLVGPLVSNLEITHTSNLTCVKFSNTTYTTNSQCIRWVTPPTQIVCLPSGIFFVCGTSAYRCLNGSSESMCFLSFLVPPMTIYTEQDLYSYVISKPRNKRVPILPFVIGAGVLGALGTGIGGITTSTQFYYKLSQELNGDMERVADSLVTLQDQLNSLAAVVLQNRRALDLLTAERGGTCLFLGEECCYYVNQSGIVTEKVKEIRDRIQRRAEELRNTGPWGLLSQWMPWILPFLGPLAAIILLLLFGPCIFNLLVNFVSSRIEAVKLQMEPKMQSKTKIYRRPLDRPASPRSDVNDIKGTPPEEISAAQPLLRPNSAGSS |
| Enzyme Length | 538 |
| Uniprot Accession Number | Q9UQF0 |
| Absorption | |
| Active Site | |
| Activity Regulation | |
| Binding Site | |
| Calcium Binding | |
| catalytic Activity | |
| DNA Binding | |
| EC Number | |
| Enzyme Function | FUNCTION: This endogenous retroviral envelope protein has retained its original fusogenic properties and participates in trophoblast fusion and the formation of a syncytium during placenta morphogenesis. May induce fusion through binding of SLC1A4 and SLC1A5 (PubMed:10708449, PubMed:12050356, PubMed:23492904). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10708449, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12050356, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23492904}.; FUNCTION: Endogenous envelope proteins may have kept, lost or modified their original function during evolution. Retroviral envelope proteins mediate receptor recognition and membrane fusion during early infection. The surface protein (SU) mediates receptor recognition, while the transmembrane protein (TM) acts as a class I viral fusion protein. The protein may have at least 3 conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of membranes. |
| Temperature Dependency | |
| PH Dependency | |
| Pathway | |
| nucleotide Binding | |
| Features | Chain (3); Compositional bias (1); Disulfide bond (3); Glycosylation (7); Helix (4); Motif (2); Mutagenesis (3); Natural variant (4); Region (4); Sequence conflict (6); Signal peptide (1); Site (1); Topological domain (2); Transmembrane (1) |
| Keywords | 3D-structure;Cell membrane;Cleavage on pair of basic residues;Disulfide bond;ERV;Glycoprotein;Membrane;Reference proteome;Signal;Transmembrane;Transmembrane helix;Transposable element;Viral envelope protein;Virion |
| Interact With | |
| Induction | |
| Subcellular Location | SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Surface protein]: Cell membrane {ECO:0000305|PubMed:15827173}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000305|PubMed:15827173}. Note=The surface protein is not anchored to the membrane, but localizes to the extracellular surface through its binding to TM. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:15827173}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Transmembrane protein]: Cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000255}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Syncytin-1]: Virion {ECO:0000250}. |
| Modified Residue | |
| Post Translational Modification | PTM: Specific enzymatic cleavages in vivo yield mature proteins. Envelope glycoproteins are synthesized as an inactive precursor that is heavily N-glycosylated and processed likely by furin in the Golgi to yield the mature SU and TM proteins. The cleavage site between SU and TM requires the minimal sequence [KR]-X-[KR]-R. The intracytoplasmic tail cleavage by the viral protease that is required for the fusiogenic activity of some retroviruses envelope proteins seems to have been lost during evolution. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15827173}.; PTM: The CXXC motif is highly conserved across a broad range of retroviral envelope proteins. It is thought to participate in the formation of a labile disulfide bond possibly with the CX6CC motif present in the transmembrane protein. Isomerization of the intersubunit disulfide bond to an SU intrachain disulfide bond is thought to occur upon receptor recognition in order to allow membrane fusion. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:15827173}. |
| Signal Peptide | SIGNAL 1..20; /evidence=ECO:0000255 |
| Structure 3D | X-ray crystallography (2) |
| Cross Reference PDB | 5HA6; 6RX1; |
| Mapped Pubmed ID | 11854637; 12175968; 12397062; 12724415; 12757936; 14520239; 14613893; 15109395; 15269105; 15507602; 15888734; 16004993; 16140326; 16176588; 16760410; 16820059; 16871371; 17209768; 17762178; 18077339; 18351375; 19321927; 19327884; 19407656; 19561344; 19692500; 19903052; 20100784; 20546612; 21493955; 21771862; 22109522; 22348442; 22573555; 22573740; 22971074; 22999499; 23212585; 23290063; 23457515; 23727510; 23888950; 24013223; 24204983; 24413738; 24478419; 24687878; 24812088; 24814867; 25340371; 25651508; 26230721; 26992684; 27456869; 27546366; 27714815; 28112190; 28302141; 28656540; 28928004; 30699112; 31397118; 31711961; 31883959; 32012247; 32145327; 32785870; 33317172; 33438105; 33867312; 34302264; |
| Motif | MOTIF 186..189; /note=CXXC; /evidence=ECO:0000305; MOTIF 397..406; /note=CX6CC; /evidence=ECO:0000305 |
| Gene Encoded By | |
| Mass | 59,866 |
| Kinetics | |
| Metal Binding | |
| Rhea ID | |
| Cross Reference Brenda |