Detail Information for IndEnz0005000432
IED ID IndEnz0005000432
Enzyme Type ID lipase000432
Protein Name Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1
EC 3.5.1.99
Anandamide amidase
Anandamide amidohydrolase 1
Fatty acid ester hydrolase
EC 3.1.1.-
Oleamide hydrolase 1
Gene Name Faah Faah1
Organism Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Taxonomic Lineage cellular organisms Eukaryota Opisthokonta Metazoa Eumetazoa Bilateria Deuterostomia Chordata Craniata Vertebrata Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates) Teleostomi Euteleostomi Sarcopterygii Dipnotetrapodomorpha Tetrapoda Amniota Mammalia Theria Eutheria Boreoeutheria Euarchontoglires Glires (Rodents and rabbits) Rodentia Myomorpha (mice and others) Muroidea Muridae Murinae Rattus Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Enzyme Sequence MVLSEVWTTLSGVSGVCLACSLLSAAVVLRWTGRQKARGAATRARQKQRASLETMDKAVQRFRLQNPDLDSEALLTLPLLQLVQKLQSGELSPEAVFFTYLGKAWEVNKGTNCVTSYLTDCETQLSQAPRQGLLYGVPVSLKECFSYKGHDSTLGLSLNEGMPSESDCVVVQVLKLQGAVPFVHTNVPQSMLSFDCSNPLFGQTMNPWKSSKSPGGSSGGEGALIGSGGSPLGLGTDIGGSIRFPSAFCGICGLKPTGNRLSKSGLKGCVYGQTAVQLSLGPMARDVESLALCLKALLCEHLFTLDPTVPPLPFREEVYRSSRPLRVGYYETDNYTMPSPAMRRALIETKQRLEAAGHTLIPFLPNNIPYALEVLSAGGLFSDGGRSFLQNFKGDFVDPCLGDLILILRLPSWFKRLLSLLLKPLFPRLAAFLNSMRPRSAEKLWKLQHEIEMYRQSVIAQWKAMNLDVLLTPMLGPALDLNTPGRATGAISYTVLYNCLDFPAGVVPVTTVTAEDDAQMELYKGYFGDIWDIILKKAMKNSVGLPVAVQCVALPWQEELCLRFMREVEQLMTPQKQPS
Enzyme Length 579
Uniprot Accession Number P97612
Absorption
Active Site ACT_SITE 142; /note=Charge relay system; ACT_SITE 217; /note=Charge relay system; ACT_SITE 241; /note=Acyl-ester intermediate
Activity Regulation ACTIVITY REGULATION: inhibited by trifluoromethyl ketone. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178}.
Binding Site BINDING 191; /note=Substrate; via carbonyl oxygen; BINDING 217; /note=Substrate
Calcium Binding
catalytic Activity CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + ethanolamine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:26136, ChEBI:CHEBI:2700, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:57603; EC=3.5.1.99; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10526230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17649977, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:26137; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10526230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17649977, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(9Z)-octadecenamide + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:26506, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:116314; EC=3.5.1.99; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10526230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9790682};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:26507; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10526230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9790682}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:26132, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:52392; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10526230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15533037, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17649977};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:26133; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10526230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15533037, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17649977}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide + H2O = (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:62976, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:32387, ChEBI:CHEBI:142684; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:62977; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenamide + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63016, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:137830; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63017; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(6Z)-octadecenamide + H2O = (6Z)-octadecenoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63008, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:32375, ChEBI:CHEBI:146168; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63009; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(15Z)-tetracosenamide + H2O = (15Z)-tetracosenoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63028, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:32392, ChEBI:CHEBI:146166; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63029; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienamide + H2O = (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:62996, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:71589, ChEBI:CHEBI:146163; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:62997; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienamide + H2O = (11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatrienoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63000, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:77223, ChEBI:CHEBI:146164; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63001; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(11Z,14Z)-eicosadienamide + H2O = (11Z,14Z)-eicosadienoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63004, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:77220, ChEBI:CHEBI:146165; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63005; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienamide + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63020, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:30245, ChEBI:CHEBI:82984; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63021; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + tetradecamide = NH4(+) + tetradecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:62992, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:30807, ChEBI:CHEBI:137125; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:62993; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl) ethanolamine = (9Z)-octadecenoate + ethanolamine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:45060, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:57603, ChEBI:CHEBI:71466; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15533037};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:45061; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15533037}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-taurine = (9Z)-octadecenoate + taurine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63148, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:146191, ChEBI:CHEBI:507393; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15533037};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63149; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15533037}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-O-methyl-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+) + methanol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63052, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17790, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:78033; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63053; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(11Z)-eicosenamide + H2O = (11Z)-eicosenoate + NH4(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63120, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:32426, ChEBI:CHEBI:146167; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63121; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-(9Z-hexadecenoyl) ethanolamine = (9Z)-hexadecenoate + ethanolamine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:35563, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:32372, ChEBI:CHEBI:57603, ChEBI:CHEBI:71465; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:35564; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-octadecanoyl ethanolamine = ethanolamine + octadecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63124, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:25629, ChEBI:CHEBI:57603, ChEBI:CHEBI:85299; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63125; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-docosanoyl-ethanolamine = docosanoate + ethanolamine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63128, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:23858, ChEBI:CHEBI:57603, ChEBI:CHEBI:146186; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63129; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-tetracosanoyl-taurine = taurine + tetracosanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63140, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:31014, ChEBI:CHEBI:132049, ChEBI:CHEBI:507393; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63141; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-(15Z-tetracosenoyl)-ethanolamine = (15Z)-tetracosenoate + ethanolamine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63144, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:32392, ChEBI:CHEBI:57603, ChEBI:CHEBI:146187; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63145; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-docosanoyl-taurine = docosanoate + taurine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63156, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:23858, ChEBI:CHEBI:146196, ChEBI:CHEBI:507393; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63157; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-(15Z-tetracosenoyl)-taurine = (15Z)-tetracosenoate + taurine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63160, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:32392, ChEBI:CHEBI:146198, ChEBI:CHEBI:507393; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63161; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-tricosanoyl-taurine = taurine + tricosanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63164, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:79007, ChEBI:CHEBI:146197, ChEBI:CHEBI:507393; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:63165; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(9Z)-octadecenoate + glycine = H2O + N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:51316, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:57305, ChEBI:CHEBI:133992; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=right-to-left; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:51318; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glycine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:64108, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:57305, ChEBI:CHEBI:59002; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:64109; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-serine = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-serine; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:64116, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:33384, ChEBI:CHEBI:149697; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:64117; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914};
DNA Binding
EC Number 3.5.1.99; 3.1.1.-
Enzyme Function FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of endogenous amidated lipids like the sleep-inducing lipid oleamide ((9Z)-octadecenamide), the endocannabinoid anandamide (N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine), as well as other fatty amides, to their corresponding fatty acids, thereby regulating the signaling functions of these molecules (PubMed:9122178, PubMed:9299394, PubMed:9790682, PubMed:10526230, PubMed:11128635, PubMed:15533037, PubMed:17649977). Hydrolyzes polyunsaturated substrate anandamide preferentially as compared to monounsaturated substrates (PubMed:9122178, PubMed:11128635). It can also catalyze the hydrolysis of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerol) (PubMed:10526230, PubMed:15533037, PubMed:17649977). FAAH cooperates with PM20D1 in the hydrolysis of amino acid-conjugated fatty acids such as N-fatty acyl glycine and N-fatty acyl-L-serine, thereby acting as a physiological regulator of specific subsets of intracellular, but not of extracellular, N-fatty acyl amino acids (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08914, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10526230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11128635, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15533037, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17649977, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9790682}.
Temperature Dependency
PH Dependency BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: pH dependence: Optimum pH is 9.5. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9790682};
Pathway
nucleotide Binding
Features Active site (3); Beta strand (17); Binding site (2); Chain (1); Helix (31); Intramembrane (1); Modified residue (1); Mutagenesis (2); Region (1); Topological domain (2); Transmembrane (1); Turn (4)
Keywords 3D-structure;Direct protein sequencing;Endoplasmic reticulum;Golgi apparatus;Hydrolase;Lipid degradation;Lipid metabolism;Membrane;Phosphoprotein;Reference proteome;Transmembrane;Transmembrane helix
Interact With Itself
Induction
Subcellular Location SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9790682}; Single-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178}. Golgi apparatus membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9790682}; Single-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9122178}. Note=Seems to be associated with the endoplasmic reticulum and/or Golgi apparatus.
Modified Residue MOD_RES 241; /note=Phosphoserine; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00519
Post Translational Modification
Signal Peptide
Structure 3D X-ray crystallography (21)
Cross Reference PDB 1MT5; 2VYA; 2WAP; 2WJ1; 2WJ2; 3K7F; 3K83; 3K84; 3LJ6; 3LJ7; 3OJ8; 3PPM; 3PR0; 3QJ8; 3QJ9; 3QK5; 3QKV; 4DO3; 4HBP; 4J5P; 6MRG;
Mapped Pubmed ID 12678501; 14506913; 15233753; 15233754; 16418162; 16866346; 17245358; 17543306; 17545313; 17555521; 19095868; 19321773; 19389627; 19722626; 19924997; 20493882; 20665820; 21241462; 21355555; 21392988; 21428410; 21502526; 21867744; 21930339; 22606285; 22776900; 23218778; 23240907; 23455058; 23581831; 24788435; 24861565; 25041240; 25456842; 25608877; 27191843; 28148494; 29038048; 29197803; 29953903; 30159798; 30289722;
Motif
Gene Encoded By
Mass 63,357
Kinetics BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=23 uM for oleamide ((9Z)-octadecenamide) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9790682}; KM=100 uM for arachidonamide ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenamide) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394}; KM=45 uM for methyl arachidonate (1-O-methyl-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394}; KM=18 uM for anandamide (N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299394}; KM=34 uM for anandamide (N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17649977}; KM=89 uM for 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerol) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17649977}; Vmax=0.11 umol/min/mg enzyme for the hydrolysis of anandamide (N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10526230}; Note=kcat is 7.1 sec(-1) with oleamide ((9Z)-octadecenamide) (PubMed:9790682). kcat is 28 min(-1) with 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerol) (PubMed:17649977). kcat is 16 min(-1) with anandamide (N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine) (PubMed:17649977). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17649977, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9790682};
Metal Binding
Rhea ID RHEA:26136; RHEA:26137; RHEA:26506; RHEA:26507; RHEA:26132; RHEA:26133; RHEA:62976; RHEA:62977; RHEA:63016; RHEA:63017; RHEA:63008; RHEA:63009; RHEA:63028; RHEA:63029; RHEA:62996; RHEA:62997; RHEA:63000; RHEA:63001; RHEA:63004; RHEA:63005; RHEA:63020; RHEA:63021; RHEA:62992; RHEA:62993; RHEA:45060; RHEA:45061; RHEA:63148; RHEA:63149; RHEA:63052; RHEA:63053; RHEA:63120; RHEA:63121; RHEA:35563; RHEA:35564; RHEA:63124; RHEA:63125; RHEA:63128; RHEA:63129; RHEA:63140; RHEA:63141; RHEA:63144; RHEA:63145; RHEA:63156; RHEA:63157; RHEA:63160; RHEA:63161; RHEA:63164; RHEA:63165; RHEA:51316; RHEA:51318; RHEA:64108; RHEA:64109; RHEA:64116; RHEA:64117
Cross Reference Brenda 3.5.1.4;3.5.1.99;