| IED ID | IndEnz0005000549 |
| Enzyme Type ID | lipase000549 |
| Protein Name |
Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4 EC 3.1.1.3 Protein GS2 |
| Gene Name | PNPLA4 DXS1283E GS2 |
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) |
| Taxonomic Lineage | cellular organisms Eukaryota Opisthokonta Metazoa Eumetazoa Bilateria Deuterostomia Chordata Craniata Vertebrata Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates) Teleostomi Euteleostomi Sarcopterygii Dipnotetrapodomorpha Tetrapoda Amniota Mammalia Theria Eutheria Boreoeutheria Euarchontoglires Primates Haplorrhini Simiiformes Catarrhini Hominoidea (apes) Hominidae (great apes) Homininae Homo Homo sapiens (Human) |
| Enzyme Sequence | MKHINLSFAACGFLGIYHLGAASALCRHGKKLVKDVKAFAGASAGSLVASVLLTAPEKIEECNQFTYKFAEEIRRQSFGAVTPGYDFMARLRSGMESILPPSAHELAQNRLHVSITNAKTRENHLVSTFSSREDLIKVLLASSFVPIYAGLKLVEYKGQKWVDGGLTNALPILPVGRTVTISPFSGRLDISPQDKGQLDLYVNIAKQDIMLSLANLVRLNQALFPPSKRKMESLYQCGFDDTVKFLLKENWFE |
| Enzyme Length | 253 |
| Uniprot Accession Number | P41247 |
| Absorption | |
| Active Site | ACT_SITE 43; /note=Nucleophile; /evidence=ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161; ACT_SITE 163; /note=Proton acceptor; /evidence=ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161 |
| Activity Regulation | |
| Binding Site | |
| Calcium Binding | |
| catalytic Activity | CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=a triacylglycerol + H2O = a diacylglycerol + a fatty acid + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:12044, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17855, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:28868; EC=3.1.1.3; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16150821};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:12045; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:16150821, ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=2 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + glycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38323, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:52323, ChEBI:CHEBI:75342; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38324; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + glycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38327, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:52323, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753, ChEBI:CHEBI:75342; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38328; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,3-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + glycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38331, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753, ChEBI:CHEBI:75342, ChEBI:CHEBI:75735; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38332; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(9Z)-octadecenoate + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H(+) = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38379, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:52323, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008};PhysiologicalDirection=right-to-left; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38381; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1,3-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38387, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753, ChEBI:CHEBI:75735; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38388; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + H2O = all-trans-retinol + H(+) + hexadecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:13933, ChEBI:CHEBI:7896, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17336, ChEBI:CHEBI:17616; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:13934; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl 9Z-octadecenoate + di-(9Z)-octadecenoylglycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:39987, ChEBI:CHEBI:17336, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753, ChEBI:CHEBI:70760, ChEBI:CHEBI:75945; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:39988; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; |
| DNA Binding | |
| EC Number | 3.1.1.3 |
| Enzyme Function | FUNCTION: Has abundant triacylglycerol lipase activity (PubMed:15364929). Transfers fatty acid from triglyceride to retinol, hydrolyzes retinylesters, and generates 1,3-diacylglycerol from triglycerides (PubMed:17603008). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008}. |
| Temperature Dependency | |
| PH Dependency | |
| Pathway | |
| nucleotide Binding | |
| Features | Active site (2); Alternative sequence (1); Chain (1); Domain (1); Motif (2); Natural variant (4) |
| Keywords | Alternative splicing;Hydrolase;Lipid degradation;Lipid metabolism;Mitochondrion;Primary mitochondrial disease;Reference proteome |
| Interact With | |
| Induction | |
| Subcellular Location | SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26741492}. |
| Modified Residue | |
| Post Translational Modification | |
| Signal Peptide | |
| Structure 3D | |
| Cross Reference PDB | - |
| Mapped Pubmed ID | 15955102; 16741517; 19181555; 19390624; 27317427; |
| Motif | MOTIF 41..45; /note=GXSXG; /evidence=ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161; MOTIF 163..165; /note=DGA/G; /evidence=ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161 |
| Gene Encoded By | |
| Mass | 27,980 |
| Kinetics | |
| Metal Binding | |
| Rhea ID | RHEA:12044; RHEA:12045; RHEA:38323; RHEA:38324; RHEA:38327; RHEA:38328; RHEA:38331; RHEA:38332; RHEA:38379; RHEA:38381; RHEA:38387; RHEA:38388; RHEA:13933; RHEA:13934; RHEA:39987; RHEA:39988 |
| Cross Reference Brenda |