IED ID | IndEnz0005000694 |
Enzyme Type ID | lipase000694 |
Protein Name |
Monoglyceride lipase MGL EC 3.1.1.23 HU-K5 Lysophospholipase homolog Lysophospholipase-like Monoacylglycerol lipase MAGL |
Gene Name | MGLL |
Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic Lineage | cellular organisms Eukaryota Opisthokonta Metazoa Eumetazoa Bilateria Deuterostomia Chordata Craniata Vertebrata Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates) Teleostomi Euteleostomi Sarcopterygii Dipnotetrapodomorpha Tetrapoda Amniota Mammalia Theria Eutheria Boreoeutheria Euarchontoglires Primates Haplorrhini Simiiformes Catarrhini Hominoidea (apes) Hominidae (great apes) Homininae Homo Homo sapiens (Human) |
Enzyme Sequence | MPEESSPRRTPQSIPYQDLPHLVNADGQYLFCRYWKPTGTPKALIFVSHGAGEHSGRYEELARMLMGLDLLVFAHDHVGHGQSEGERMVVSDFHVFVRDVLQHVDSMQKDYPGLPVFLLGHSMGGAIAILTAAERPGHFAGMVLISPLVLANPESATTFKVLAAKVLNLVLPNLSLGPIDSSVLSRNKTEVDIYNSDPLICRAGLKVCFGIQLLNAVSRVERALPKLTVPFLLLQGSADRLCDSKGAYLLMELAKSQDKTLKIYEGAYHVLHKELPEVTNSVFHEINMWVSQRTATAGTASPP |
Enzyme Length | 303 |
Uniprot Accession Number | Q99685 |
Absorption | |
Active Site | ACT_SITE 122; /note=Nucleophile; /evidence=ECO:0000269|PubMed:19957260; ACT_SITE 239; /note=Charge relay system; /evidence=ECO:0000305|PubMed:19957260; ACT_SITE 269; /note=Charge relay system; /evidence=ECO:0000305|PubMed:19957260 |
Activity Regulation | |
Binding Site | |
Calcium Binding | |
catalytic Activity | CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=Hydrolyzes glycerol monoesters of long-chain fatty acids.; EC=3.1.1.23; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:19029917, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21049984, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-octanoylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + H(+) + octanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44328, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:25646, ChEBI:CHEBI:85241; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44329; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:26132, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:52392; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:19029917, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21049984, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:26133; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:19029917, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21049984, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-decanoylglycerol + H2O = decanoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44320, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:27689, ChEBI:CHEBI:75547; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44321; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-dodecanoylglycerol + H2O = dodecanoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44316, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:18262, ChEBI:CHEBI:75539; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44317; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-tetradecanoylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + H(+) + tetradecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44312, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:30807, ChEBI:CHEBI:75562; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44313; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=2-hexadecanoylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + H(+) + hexadecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:39963, ChEBI:CHEBI:7896, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:75455; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:39964; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38487, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:75342; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38488; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38491, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:73990; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38492; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44732, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:30245, ChEBI:CHEBI:75457; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44733; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44728, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:32395, ChEBI:CHEBI:75612; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44729; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:48428, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:30245, ChEBI:CHEBI:75568; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:48429; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:39955, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:75937; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O35678}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-hexadecanoylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + H(+) + hexadecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:39959, ChEBI:CHEBI:7896, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:69081; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:39960; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-octadecanoylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + H(+) + octadecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38363, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:25629, ChEBI:CHEBI:75555; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38364; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + prostaglandin E2 1-glyceryl ester = glycerol + H(+) + prostaglandin E2; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:48296, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:90230, ChEBI:CHEBI:606564; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:21049984, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:48297; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:21049984, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + prostaglandin D2-1-glycerol ester = glycerol + H(+) + prostaglandin D2; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:45412, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:57406, ChEBI:CHEBI:85232; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:45413; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=11-oxo-5Z,9,12E,14E-prostatetraenoate + H2O = 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 + glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:45416, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:85236, ChEBI:CHEBI:85238; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:45417; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=H2O + prostaglandin F2alpha 1-glyceryl ester = glycerol + H(+) + prostaglandin F2alpha; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:48300, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:57404, ChEBI:CHEBI:90233; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:21049984};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:48301; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:21049984}; |
DNA Binding | |
EC Number | 3.1.1.23 |
Enzyme Function | FUNCTION: Converts monoacylglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol (PubMed:19029917, PubMed:20079333, PubMed:21049984, PubMed:22969151, PubMed:24368842). Hydrolyzes the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and thereby contributes to the regulation of endocannabinoid signaling, nociperception and perception of pain (PubMed:19029917, PubMed:20079333, PubMed:21049984, PubMed:22969151, PubMed:24368842). Regulates the levels of fatty acids that serve as signaling molecules and promote cancer cell migration, invasion and tumor growth (PubMed:20079333). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19029917, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079333, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21049984, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}. |
Temperature Dependency | |
PH Dependency | |
Pathway | PATHWAY: Glycerolipid metabolism; triacylglycerol degradation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O35678}. |
nucleotide Binding | |
Features | Active site (3); Alternative sequence (2); Beta strand (11); Chain (1); Erroneous initiation (7); Helix (13); Modified residue (2); Mutagenesis (4); Sequence conflict (1); Turn (1) |
Keywords | 3D-structure;Alternative splicing;Cytoplasm;Fatty acid biosynthesis;Fatty acid metabolism;Hydrolase;Lipid biosynthesis;Lipid degradation;Lipid metabolism;Membrane;Nitration;Phosphoprotein;Reference proteome;Serine esterase |
Interact With | P07550 |
Induction | |
Subcellular Location | SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O35678}. Membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O35678}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O35678}. |
Modified Residue | MOD_RES 10; /note=Phosphothreonine; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O35678; MOD_RES 58; /note=3'-nitrotyrosine; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O35678 |
Post Translational Modification | |
Signal Peptide | |
Structure 3D | X-ray crystallography (8) |
Cross Reference PDB | 3HJU; 3JW8; 3JWE; 3PE6; 4UUQ; 5ZUN; 6AX1; 6BQ0; |
Mapped Pubmed ID | 1249056; 15272052; 16169070; 17621164; 18096503; 18452279; 18721756; 19014633; 19233690; 19913121; 20464001; 20628086; 20711500; 20855465; 20976246; 21118518; 21308848; 21543155; 21802006; 22349814; 22664939; 22827915; 23455058; 23553709; 24593280; 24633487; 25078047; 25120746; 25560837; 25636199; 26000748; 26555264; 26595473; 26948343; 26997225; 27366945; 27767105; 27884159; 28088576; 28213089; 29148769; 29379013; 29498843; 29968710; 30251836; 30978461; 31357777; 31695165; 31734989; 32483456; 32532977; 33973101; 3955067; 7295321; |
Motif | |
Gene Encoded By | |
Mass | 33,261 |
Kinetics | BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=110 uM for 2-arachidonoyglycerol {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151}; KM=15 uM for 2-glyceryl-15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ(2)-G) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; Vmax=120 nmol/min/mg enzyme toward 2-arachidonoyglycerol {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22969151}; Vmax=89 nmol/min/mg enzyme toward 2-glyceryl-15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ(2)-G) {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24368842}; |
Metal Binding | |
Rhea ID | RHEA:44328; RHEA:44329; RHEA:26132; RHEA:26133; RHEA:44320; RHEA:44321; RHEA:44316; RHEA:44317; RHEA:44312; RHEA:44313; RHEA:39963; RHEA:39964; RHEA:38487; RHEA:38488; RHEA:38491; RHEA:38492; RHEA:44732; RHEA:44733; RHEA:44728; RHEA:44729; RHEA:48428; RHEA:48429; RHEA:39955; RHEA:39959; RHEA:39960; RHEA:38363; RHEA:38364; RHEA:48296; RHEA:48297; RHEA:45412; RHEA:45413; RHEA:45416; RHEA:45417; RHEA:48300; RHEA:48301 |
Cross Reference Brenda | 3.1.1.23; |