| IED ID | IndEnz0010000515 |
| Enzyme Type ID | esterase000515 |
| Protein Name |
Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 EC 3.1.1.3 Adipose triglyceride lipase Calcium-independent phospholipase A2-zeta iPLA2-zeta EC 3.1.1.4 Desnutrin Pigment epithelium-derived factor receptor PEDF-R TTS2.2 Transport-secretion protein 2 TTS2 |
| Gene Name | PNPLA2 ATGL FP17548 |
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) |
| Taxonomic Lineage | cellular organisms Eukaryota Opisthokonta Metazoa Eumetazoa Bilateria Deuterostomia Chordata Craniata Vertebrata Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates) Teleostomi Euteleostomi Sarcopterygii Dipnotetrapodomorpha Tetrapoda Amniota Mammalia Theria Eutheria Boreoeutheria Euarchontoglires Primates Haplorrhini Simiiformes Catarrhini Hominoidea (apes) Hominidae (great apes) Homininae Homo Homo sapiens (Human) |
| Enzyme Sequence | MFPREKTWNISFAGCGFLGVYYVGVASCLREHAPFLVANATHIYGASAGALTATALVTGVCLGEAGAKFIEVSKEARKRFLGPLHPSFNLVKIIRSFLLKVLPADSHEHASGRLGISLTRVSDGENVIISHFNSKDELIQANVCSGFIPVYCGLIPPSLQGVRYVDGGISDNLPLYELKNTITVSPFSGESDICPQDSSTNIHELRVTNTSIQFNLRNLYRLSKALFPPEPLVLREMCKQGYRDGLRFLQRNGLLNRPNPLLALPPARPHGPEDKDQAVESAQAEDYSQLPGEDHILEHLPARLNEALLEACVEPTDLLTTLSNMLPVRLATAMMVPYTLPLESALSFTIRLLEWLPDVPEDIRWMKEQTGSICQYLVMRAKRKLGRHLPSRLPEQVELRRVQSLPSVPLSCAAYREALPGWMRNNLSLGDALAKWEECQRQLLLGLFCTNVAFPPEALRMRAPADPAPAPADPASPQHQLAGPAPLLSTPAPEARPVIGALGL |
| Enzyme Length | 504 |
| Uniprot Accession Number | Q96AD5 |
| Absorption | |
| Active Site | ACT_SITE 47; /note=Nucleophile; /evidence=ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161; ACT_SITE 166; /note=Proton acceptor; /evidence=ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161 |
| Activity Regulation | ACTIVITY REGULATION: The triglyceride lipase activity is inhibited by BEL ((E)-6-(bromomethylene)-3-(1-naphthalenyl)-2H-tetrahydropyran-2-one), a suicide substrate inhibitor (PubMed:17032652). No differences in the acylglycerol transacylase was detected in the presence or absence of ATP (PubMed:15364929). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17032652}. |
| Binding Site | |
| Calcium Binding | |
| catalytic Activity | CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=a triacylglycerol + H2O = a diacylglycerol + a fatty acid + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:12044, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17855, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:28868; EC=3.1.1.3; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15550674, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16150821, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16239926, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:12045; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15550674, ECO:0000305|PubMed:16150821, ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=a triacyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = a 1,2-diacylglycerol + a fatty acid + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44864, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:28868, ChEBI:CHEBI:49172, ChEBI:CHEBI:64615; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44865; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=a triacyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = 1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerol + a fatty acid + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:43732, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:28868, ChEBI:CHEBI:64615, ChEBI:CHEBI:77272; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008, ECO:0000305|PubMed:15550674};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:43733; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15550674, ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=a triacyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = a 2,3-diacyl-sn-glycerol + a fatty acid + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38499, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:28868, ChEBI:CHEBI:64615, ChEBI:CHEBI:75524; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38500; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=a 1,3-diacylglycerol + a 1-acylglycerol = a triacylglycerol + glycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44440, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:17855, ChEBI:CHEBI:35759, ChEBI:CHEBI:47777; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44441; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=a 1,2-diacylglycerol + a 1-acylglycerol = a triacylglycerol + glycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44436, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:17855, ChEBI:CHEBI:35759, ChEBI:CHEBI:49172; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44437; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=2 a 1-acylglycerol = a 1,2-diacylglycerol + glycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44432, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:35759, ChEBI:CHEBI:49172; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44433; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=a triacyl-sn-glycerol + all-trans-retinol = a diacylglycerol + an all-trans-retinyl ester; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44676, ChEBI:CHEBI:17336, ChEBI:CHEBI:18035, ChEBI:CHEBI:63410, ChEBI:CHEBI:64615; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:44677; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=(9Z)-octadecenoate + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H(+) = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38379, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:52323, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008, ECO:0000305|PubMed:15550674};PhysiologicalDirection=right-to-left; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38381; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15550674, ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1,3-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38387, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753, ChEBI:CHEBI:75735; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38388; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,3-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + glycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38331, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753, ChEBI:CHEBI:75342, ChEBI:CHEBI:75735; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38332; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + glycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38327, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:52323, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753, ChEBI:CHEBI:75342; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38328; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=2 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + glycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38323, ChEBI:CHEBI:17754, ChEBI:CHEBI:52323, ChEBI:CHEBI:75342; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38324; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:15364929}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl 9Z-octadecenoate + di-(9Z)-octadecenoylglycerol; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:39987, ChEBI:CHEBI:17336, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753, ChEBI:CHEBI:70760, ChEBI:CHEBI:75945; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:39988; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:17603008}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z)-hexadecenoylglycerol + H2O = (9Z)-hexadecenoate + 1,3-di-(9Z)-hexadecenoylglycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38395, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:32372, ChEBI:CHEBI:75841, ChEBI:CHEBI:75849; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38396; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoylglycerol + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 1,3-di-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoylglycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38403, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30245, ChEBI:CHEBI:75844, ChEBI:CHEBI:75850; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38404; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoylglycerol + H2O = (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoate + 1,3-di-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoylglycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38411, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:32387, ChEBI:CHEBI:75845, ChEBI:CHEBI:75852; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38412; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,3-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-hexadecanoylglycerol + H2O = 1,3-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H(+) + hexadecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38419, ChEBI:CHEBI:7896, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:75735, ChEBI:CHEBI:75846; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38420; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38423, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:75583, ChEBI:CHEBI:75867; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38424; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-hexadecanoyl-2,3-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38647, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:75847, ChEBI:CHEBI:75868; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38648; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 2,3-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38391, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:53753, ChEBI:CHEBI:75824; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38392; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z)-hexadecenoylglycerol + H2O = (9Z)-hexadecenoate + 2,3-di-(9Z)-hexadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38399, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:32372, ChEBI:CHEBI:75841, ChEBI:CHEBI:75853; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38400; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoylglycerol + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 2,3-di-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38407, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30245, ChEBI:CHEBI:75844, ChEBI:CHEBI:75854; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38408; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2,3-tri-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoylglycerol + H2O = (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoate + 2,3-di-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-sn-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38415, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:32387, ChEBI:CHEBI:75845, ChEBI:CHEBI:75855; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38416; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,3-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-2-hexadecanoylglycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 2-hexadecanoyl-3-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38431, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:75846, ChEBI:CHEBI:75870; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38432; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1-hexadecanoyl-2,3-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = 2,3-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-sn-glycerol + H(+) + hexadecanoate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38427, ChEBI:CHEBI:7896, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:75824, ChEBI:CHEBI:75847; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38428; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=1,2-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + H2O = (9Z)-octadecenoate + 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38643, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30823, ChEBI:CHEBI:75546, ChEBI:CHEBI:75583; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:38644; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a fatty acid + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15801, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:28868, ChEBI:CHEBI:57643, ChEBI:CHEBI:58168; EC=3.1.1.4; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17032652};PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15802; Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:17032652}; |
| DNA Binding | |
| EC Number | 3.1.1.3; 3.1.1.4 |
| Enzyme Function | FUNCTION: Catalyzes the initial step in triglyceride hydrolysis in adipocyte and non-adipocyte lipid droplets (PubMed:15550674, PubMed:15364929, PubMed:16150821, PubMed:17603008, PubMed:16239926). Exhibits a strong preference for the hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acid esters at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone and acts coordinately with LIPE/HLS and DGAT2 within the lipolytic cascade (By similarity). Also possesses acylglycerol transacylase and phospholipase A2 activities (PubMed:15364929, PubMed:17032652, PubMed:17603008). Transfers fatty acid from triglyceride to retinol, hydrolyzes retinylesters, and generates 1,3-diacylglycerol from triglycerides (PubMed:17603008). Regulates adiposome size and may be involved in the degradation of adiposomes (PubMed:16239926). May play an important role in energy homeostasis (By similarity). May play a role in the response of the organism to starvation, enhancing hydrolysis of triglycerides and providing free fatty acids to other tissues to be oxidized in situations of energy depletion (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364929, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15550674, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16150821, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16239926, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17032652, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603008}. |
| Temperature Dependency | |
| PH Dependency | BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: pH dependence: Optimum pH is 7.5 with (1,2-dilinoleoyl)-phosphatidylcholine as substrate. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17032652}; |
| Pathway | PATHWAY: Glycerolipid metabolism; triacylglycerol degradation. |
| nucleotide Binding | |
| Features | Active site (2); Alternative sequence (1); Chain (1); Domain (1); Erroneous initiation (2); Frameshift (1); Glycosylation (1); Modified residue (3); Motif (3); Mutagenesis (1); Natural variant (4); Region (1); Sequence conflict (7); Topological domain (5); Transmembrane (4) |
| Keywords | Alternative splicing;Cell membrane;Cytoplasm;Disease variant;Glycoprotein;Hydrolase;Lipid degradation;Lipid droplet;Lipid metabolism;Membrane;Phosphoprotein;Reference proteome;Signal-anchor;Transmembrane;Transmembrane helix |
| Interact With | |
| Induction | |
| Subcellular Location | SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lipid droplet {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16239926}. Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17032652}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000255}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56}. |
| Modified Residue | MOD_RES 372; /note="Phosphoserine; in vitro"; /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56"; MOD_RES 404; /note="Phosphoserine; by PKA and FAM20C"; /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:22733971, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26091039, ECO:0007744|PubMed:23186163"; MOD_RES 428; /note="Phosphoserine"; /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:21406692, ECO:0007744|PubMed:23186163, ECO:0007744|PubMed:24275569" |
| Post Translational Modification | PTM: Phosphorylation at Ser-404 by PKA is increased during fasting and moderate intensity exercise, and moderately increases lipolytic activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-404 is increased upon beta-adrenergic stimulation (PubMed:22733971). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8BJ56, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22733971}. |
| Signal Peptide | |
| Structure 3D | |
| Cross Reference PDB | - |
| Mapped Pubmed ID | 15231748; 16169070; 16679289; 16752181; 17327373; 17356053; 17609260; 17631826; 17657808; 18072017; 18191271; 18224330; 18445597; 18445677; 18952067; 18952573; 19010445; 19061969; 19106247; 19390624; 19401457; 19433586; 19692632; 19695247; 20029029; 20034933; 20167152; 20237999; 20370797; 20711500; 20832801; 21068004; 21073837; 21129760; 21170305; 21393244; 21498783; 21543206; 21544567; 21613358; 21680814; 21757733; 21789191; 21828047; 21900206; 22183409; 22535977; 22713505; 22832386; 22990388; 23232698; 23818523; 23824421; 23827855; 24332944; 24440819; 24742676; 25036637; 25054327; 25114172; 25177954; 25258314; 25700221; 25956450; 25985012; 26318046; 26330055; 26500201; 26600210; 26803235; 26882978; 26922712; 27213586; 27559856; 27635633; 27851965; 28179319; 28391974; 29072982; 29146190; 29320510; 29457907; 29472527; 29539587; 29764424; 30367149; 30754064; 30918066; 30926171; 31147543; 31476254; 31525260; 31610914; 31757217; 32404277; 32542055; 32685558; 32777979; 32818550; 33064888; 33160079; 33205054; 33445064; 33621408; 33675111; 33824421; 34387896; |
| Motif | MOTIF 14..19; /note=GXGXXG; /evidence=ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161; MOTIF 45..49; /note=GXSXG; /evidence=ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161; MOTIF 166..168; /note=DGA/G; /evidence=ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01161 |
| Gene Encoded By | |
| Mass | 55,316 |
| Kinetics | |
| Metal Binding | |
| Rhea ID | RHEA:12044; RHEA:12045; RHEA:44864; RHEA:44865; RHEA:43732; RHEA:43733; RHEA:38499; RHEA:38500; RHEA:44440; RHEA:44441; RHEA:44436; RHEA:44437; RHEA:44432; RHEA:44433; RHEA:44676; RHEA:44677; RHEA:38379; RHEA:38381; RHEA:38387; RHEA:38388; RHEA:38331; RHEA:38332; RHEA:38327; RHEA:38328; RHEA:38323; RHEA:38324; RHEA:39987; RHEA:39988; RHEA:38395; RHEA:38396; RHEA:38403; RHEA:38404; RHEA:38411; RHEA:38412; RHEA:38419; RHEA:38420; RHEA:38423; RHEA:38424; RHEA:38647; RHEA:38648; RHEA:38391; RHEA:38392; RHEA:38399; RHEA:38400; RHEA:38407; RHEA:38408; RHEA:38415; RHEA:38416; RHEA:38431; RHEA:38432; RHEA:38427; RHEA:38428; RHEA:38643; RHEA:38644; RHEA:15801; RHEA:15802 |
| Cross Reference Brenda |