| IED ID | IndEnz0016000197 |
| Enzyme Type ID | tyrosinase000197 |
| Protein Name |
Phenoloxidase 2 PO A3 EC 1.14.18.1 Phenoloxidase subunit A3 Processed phenoloxidase A3 Pro-phenoloxidase A3 |
| Gene Name | PPO2 proPo-A3 proPO45 CG8193 |
| Organism | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) |
| Taxonomic Lineage | cellular organisms Eukaryota Opisthokonta Metazoa Eumetazoa Bilateria Protostomia Ecdysozoa Panarthropoda Arthropoda Mandibulata Pancrustacea Hexapoda Insecta Dicondylia Pterygota (winged insects) Neoptera Endopterygota Diptera Brachycera Muscomorpha Eremoneura Cyclorrhapha Schizophora Acalyptratae Ephydroidea Drosophilidae (pomace flies) Drosophilinae Drosophilini Drosophila (fruit flies) Sophophora melanogaster group melanogaster subgroup Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) |
| Enzyme Sequence | MADKKNLLLLFDHPTEPVFMDKGKRVTVFDVPDSFLTDRYRPISNEVQSRVGDKVEQRVPVREISIPDLRIPMSLGRDEQFSLFLPKHRRIAGRLIDIFMNMRSVDDLQSVAVYARDRVNPVLFNYALSVALLHRPDTQGLDLPSFSQTFPDRFIDSQVIRKMREESFVVQPGSRMPITIPRDYTASDLDPEHRLWYFREDLGINLHHWHWHLVYPFEASDRSIVAKDRRGELFYYMHQQVIARYNAERFSNNLARVLPFNNLRDPIAEGYFPKMDSLVASRAWPPRFESTRLSDLNRESDQLNVEIGDLERWRDRIYEAIHQGFVMDERGNRVPLDEATGIDTLGNMIESSILSPNRVLYGDLHNNGHTFISYAHDPTSKHLESFGVMGDVSTAMRDPVFYKWHSYIDRIFQEHKSRLPAYTENQLNYPGVSIAGIQVDTNGGRPNNLTTFWQQSDVDMSRGFDFLPRGNVFARFTHLQHLPFTYTISLNNDSGAQRFGYVRIFMAPKNDERGQPMLMRDQRSMMIELDKFVTSLNPGPNTIRRRSTESSVTIPFERTFRNLDANRPAAGTPEELEFNFCGCGWPNHMLVPKGLPEGLQCVLFIMVSNYENDRIDQQLVGRCSDAASYCGVRDRLYPDRQSMGFPFDRLPRSGVDRLVNFLTPNMSIVDVNIRHENRTVQRPN |
| Enzyme Length | 684 |
| Uniprot Accession Number | Q9V521 |
| Absorption | |
| Active Site | ACT_SITE 350; /note=Proton acceptor; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8MZM3 |
| Activity Regulation | |
| Binding Site | |
| Calcium Binding | |
| catalytic Activity | CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=2 L-dopa + O2 = 2 H2O + 2 L-dopaquinone; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:34287, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:57504, ChEBI:CHEBI:57924; EC=1.14.18.1; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=L-tyrosine + O2 = H2O + L-dopaquinone; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:18117, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:57924, ChEBI:CHEBI:58315; EC=1.14.18.1; |
| DNA Binding | |
| EC Number | 1.14.18.1 |
| Enzyme Function | FUNCTION: This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the rate-limiting conversions of tyrosine to DOPA, DOPA to DOPA-quinone and possibly 5,6 dihydroxyindole to indole-5'6 quinonee (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. |
| Temperature Dependency | |
| PH Dependency | |
| Pathway | |
| nucleotide Binding | |
| Features | Active site (1); Chain (1); Disulfide bond (2); Glycosylation (4); Metal binding (6); Propeptide (1); Sequence caution (1) |
| Keywords | Copper;Disulfide bond;Glycoprotein;Melanin biosynthesis;Metal-binding;Monooxygenase;Oxidoreductase;Reference proteome;Secreted;Zymogen |
| Interact With | |
| Induction | |
| Subcellular Location | SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12834045, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19141111}. Note=Expressed in larval hemolymph. |
| Modified Residue | |
| Post Translational Modification | PTM: Upon activation, a trypsin type protease cleaves prophenol oxidase to yield the active enzyme. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12834045}. |
| Signal Peptide | |
| Structure 3D | |
| Cross Reference PDB | - |
| Mapped Pubmed ID | 11158377; 12364793; 14605208; 14657024; 14680800; 15062105; 15466469; 15710747; 15864439; 16277749; 16762338; 17418114; 17588928; 17645804; 18852525; 18931788; 19164947; 19381251; 19465918; 19545586; 19581587; 20220848; 20308539; 20813047; 21075834; 22120533; 22178920; 22411814; 22496667; 22579944; 22724070; 23071443; 23336284; 23412656; 23717543; 23840627; 24009508; 24077308; 24409421; 24475130; 24788090; 24896182; 25294943; 25543001; 25596379; 25688716; 26437768; 26592948; 27058248; 27172210; 27379389; 27582081; 27894253; 28067623; 28221375; 28250052; 28449654; 28700947; 28742844; 29211847; 29251829; 29514083; 29741814; 29952680; 30587065; 30670567; 30733377; 30909122; 30974174; 30993828; 30993906; 31018123; 31156469; 31316388; 31367663; 31564469; 31963772; 31982542; 31992020; 32079481; 32487456; 32498733; 32598400; 32722007; 32900993; 33187802; 33610043; 33748138; 34388859; 34713801; |
| Motif | |
| Gene Encoded By | |
| Mass | 79,285 |
| Kinetics | |
| Metal Binding | METAL 208; /note=Copper A; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9ZP19; METAL 212; /note=Copper A; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9ZP19; METAL 238; /note=Copper A; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9ZP19; METAL 365; /note=Copper B; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9ZP19; METAL 369; /note=Copper B; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9ZP19; METAL 405; /note=Copper B; /evidence=ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9ZP19 |
| Rhea ID | RHEA:34287; RHEA:18117 |
| Cross Reference Brenda |